Health
| | Special Precautions | Certificate Required? |
| Yellow Fever | No | No |
| Cholera | No | No |
| Typhoid and Polio | No | N/A |
| Malaria | No | N/A |
Other risks
Hepatitis A occurs. Cases of diphtheria have been reported. Vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis is advisable if visiting forested areas. Precautions should be taken against tuberculosis, as cases of this disease have increased. HIV testing is required for foreigners requesting work permits or residency.
Rabies is present. For those at high risk, vaccination before arrival should be considered. If you are bitten, seek medical advice without delay. For more information, consult the Health appendix.
Health care
European Economic Area (EEA) and Switzerland:
If you or any of your dependants are suddenly taken ill or have an accident during a visit to an EEA country or Switzerland, free or reduced-cost necessary treatment is available – in most cases on production of a valid European Health Insurance Card (EHIC). Each country has different rules about state medical provision. In some, treatment is free. In many countries you will have to pay part or all of the cost, and then claim a full or partial refund. The EHIC gives access to state-provided medical treatment only and the scheme gives no entitlement to medical repatriation costs, nor does it cover ongoing illnesses of a non-urgent nature, so comprehensive travel insurance is advised. Note that the EHIC replaces the Form E111, which will no longer be valid after 31 December 2005.
You will have to pay part of the cost of any treatment you receive from doctors and dentists, including home visits from a doctor. The charges are not refundable. Children under 19 can get free dental treatment, and adults do not have to pay for teeth to be removed or abscesses lanced. You will be charged a standard fee for prescriptions. Sometimes, you will also have to pay a percentage of the costs above the standard fee. If the medicine is not on the national list of medicinal products, you will have to pay the full costs. This is not refundable. Hospital treatment: if you are admitted as an in-patient, you will have to pay an in-patient fee of up to EEK 25 per day for up to 10 days per hospitalisation. There is no in-patient fee for children below the age of 19, cases related to pregnancy and childbirth, and intensive care. Ambulance travel is free in an emergency. More information can be obtained from the Estonian Health Insurance Fund (Eesti Haigekassa) (website: http://www.haigekassa.ee/eng).
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