History and Government
History
In the 11th century, the Channel Islands (les Isles Normandes), of which Guernsey is one, were part of the Duchy of Normandy. When William, Duke of Normandy, conquered England, the Channel Islands were incorporated into the combined realm of both England and Normandy. King John of England lost mainland Normandy to the French 140 years later but the Channel Islands stayed loyal to England. The French made many subsequent attempts, all of which were repelled, over the ensuing centuries to capture the islands. The Germans were more successful, albeit briefly, during World War II when much of the island’s population was evacuated to England. Guernsey has long enjoyed a large degree of internal self-government, developing its own legal and political institutions. It is also responsible for the government of the small neighbouring island of Alderney. The British government is responsible for Guernsey’s external relations.
Government
The British monarch is head of state, represented locally by a Lieutenant Governor. Internal affairs are governed by the island’s parliament, the States of Deliberation. The ‘States’, as it is commonly known, has 57 members divided into three groups: 45 deputies elected directly by universal suffrage; 10 representatives of the douzaines or parish councils and two representatives from the small neighbouring island of Alderney. The most recent elections were held in 2000. No political parties are represented at Guernsey elections.
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